Analyzing Mobility Disparities: Trip Frequency Models for People with and without Disabilities

Abstract: People with disabilities (PWDs) constitute almost 13% of the US population, yet their mobility needs are often overlooked, significantly affecting their social integration and quality of life. This study utilizes data from the 2022 US National Household Travel Survey to compare the mobility patterns of PWDs with those of people without disabilities (PWODs). We used daily trip frequency as a proxy for mobility for both groups, focusing on individual trip frequency as our target variable. Our analysis included a comprehensive set of explanatory variables, such as individual sociodemographic attributes, household characteristics, and the built environment of the residential location. By employing a combination of statistical tests, econometric models, and machine learning techniques, this research quantifies disparities in daily trip frequencies and identifies the factors limiting the mobility of PWDs. Our findings reveal stark differences in mobility, with PWDs undertaking fewer daily trips than PWODs, underscoring a significant gap in social participation and access to essential services. This study thus provides strong evidence of the need for transformative policies to ensure equitable mobility for all, regardless of physical abilities. To guide policymakers in enhancing mobility and ensuring equitable transportation solutions for PWDs, our study highlights several critical factors. The disproportionately greater impact of non-driver status on the mobility of PWDs suggests a need for accessible vehicles equipped with adaptive features. Additionally, employment status significantly boosts mobility for PWDs, suggesting that employment initiatives could be vital for increasing their independence and access to opportunities. Economic barriers also significantly affect mobility, particularly impacting middle-aged, lower-income PWDs. Our findings challenge existing paradigms and spark crucial discussions on redefining mobility norms to promote an inclusive society.