Identification of Accident Trends from Hospital Emergency Room Accident Data in Bangladesh

Abstract: This research paper aims to identify various trends and pattern of road accidents in Bangladesh based on data collected from the emergency wards of hospitals. The key objective is to identify temporal and spatial patterns, as well as analyzing various factors such as weather, age, gender, and the day of the week on traffic accidents. The research methodology comprises of accident data from hospital emergency ward, then conducting a rigorous literature review of previous research done on road accidents in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Primarily focusing on the months of July through December 2023, the study evaluates data from 2 sources- Khulna Medical College Hospital and The National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR). Data analysis shows that Saturday has the highest percentage (20.20%) of accidents followed by Friday (18.21%). Moreover, traffic accidents tend to occur more on weekends. An analysis of monthly data shows that accidents are more common during the winter months, especially in December. The most susceptible age group, according to age-based study, is young adults (16–30 years old. Furthermore, in the vehicle-based analysis, it is found that motor bikes are mostly involved in traffic accident with 49.77% share of overall occurrences, with a notable gender difference indicating that men are more likely than women to be involved in motor-bike accidents whereas women are more prevalent to fall for public-bus accidents. The report also emphasizes the significance of vehicle defects, inexperienced driving, and driver error as primary causes of traffic accidents.