Evaluating Red-Light Camera Effectiveness: A Data-Driven Study of Safety and Operational Challenges

Abstract: Red-light running stands out as a highly risky behavior, increasingly emerging as a leading contributor to intersections crashes, with red-light running cameras (RLCs) emerging as a prevalent enforcement tool. While numerous studies have analyzed the effectiveness of RLCs and factors influencing red-light running, this study distinguishes itself by incorporating a comprehensive approach that includes crash data analysis, surveys, and discussions. This study examines the impact of RLCs on intersection safety through an application in the City of Phoenix, with a focus on analyzing crash data, professional opinions, and the overall effectiveness of such programs. Utilizing a comprehensive methodology that includes quantitative analysis, surveys, and discussions, the study evaluates the effectiveness of RLCs in reducing various types of crashes, including angle, left turn, and rear-end collisions. Results show that RLCs significantly reduce the severity of crashes, particularly fatal and injury-related incidents, with a noted decrease in angle collisions and severity. While rear-end collisions increased during RLC operation, the post-ban period exhibited a decrease in both rear-end and other collision types. Insights from professionals highlight the perceived safety benefits of RLCs, though challenges related to public perception, operational costs, and administrative processes persist. The findings provide valuable recommendations for optimizing RLC programs and enhancing intersection safety through improved enforcement strategies and public engagement.