Roles of Soil, Pavement, and Reinforcement in Airfield Pavement design

Abstract: Airfield pavement is a fundamental element in aviation infrastructure, and its design and upkeep are shaped by the properties of the underlying soil, reinforcement strategies, and pavement materials. This literature review provides a comprehensive analysis of these factors, synthesizing research on soil-pavement interactions, reinforcement techniques, and material innovations.

The condition of the subgrade, composed of natural soils, plays a critical role in determining the overall structural integrity of airfield pavements. Variability in soil quality, such as poor compaction or the presence of expansive soils, can result in issues like differential settlement, leading to surface distresses such as cracking and heaving. Numerous studies have examined methods to enhance subgrade properties, such as soil stabilization using chemical additives and geosynthetics. Accurate soil characterization remains vital for predicting pavement performance under the significant and varied loads imposed by aircraft.

Reinforcement techniques have become increasingly important in extending the lifespan and durability of airfield pavements. Materials like geogrids and geotextiles have gained prominence for their ability to distribute loads more efficiently, reducing stresses on subgrades and minimizing deformation. Recent advancements in fiber-reinforced asphalt and high-performance concrete are also explored for their effectiveness in improving pavement resilience under extreme conditions, including high traffic volumes and severe weather.

Pavement materials themselves are a crucial component in addressing the challenges faced by airfield surfaces. Traditional asphalt and concrete pavements are prone to fatigue cracking and thermal expansion. However, innovative solutions such as warm-mix asphalt and porous pavements have shown promise in enhancing durability and sustainability. Research continues to focus on the mechanical properties and environmental benefits of these materials, aiming to provide more resilient and eco-friendly options for airfield construction.

In conclusion, addressing airfield pavement challenges requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating soil mechanics, advanced reinforcement strategies, and innovative material solutions. Ongoing research in these areas is essential to developing airfield pavements that can meet the demands of modern aviation while ensuring safety and longevity.