Flood Risk in Coastal Georgia: A GIS Analysis on The Impact on Transportation Infrastructure

Abstract: Coastal regions in Georgia, including Savannah, Brunswick, and the Golden Isles, face increasing flood risks due to rising global sea levels exacerbated by climate change. Global Climate change is also increasing the number of extreme weather events which put coastal regions at extremely high risks. The circumstances of these areas are exacerbated by disastrous meteorological events like hurricanes hitting the east coast of the United States. This study uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess the current and future flood vulnerability of these areas, with a focus on critical infrastructure and transportation networks such as evacuation routes during extreme weather events. By mapping current floodplains and projecting future changes, this study identifies vulnerable populations and communities, ecosystems, and transportation systems at risk. Additionally, it analyzes how local topography, land use, and storm surge patterns contribute to flood susceptibility and impact key transportation routes. This research will identify poorly designed evacuation road infrastructure, in order to protect communities affected by sea levels rise and flash floodings, especially during extreme weather events, such as tropical storms, hurricanes and tornadoes. The findings will inform adaptation measures, including rerouting evacuation paths, flood barriers, and infrastructure improvements, ensuring both public safety and transportation resilience during emergency states.
Keywords: Flood Risk, Sea Level Rise, Coastal Georgia, GIS Analysis, Transportation Infrastructure, Evacuation Routes, Climate Adaptation