Evaluating Bus Management Challenges on Route A-314 (Gabtoli to Staff Quarter) in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract: Buses are the primary mode of public transportation in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, offering affordable fares and broad accessibility across varying distances. However, the efficiency and reliability of bus travel in the city are frequently undermined by unofficial stops, overcrowding, and chronic traffic congestion, all of which contribute to extended travel times, passenger discomfort, and heightened safety concerns. As of 2024, Dhaka operates 366 bus routes, serviced by 6,551 buses and 2,325 minibuses, creating significant operational and management challenges for city authorities. This research focuses on the analysis of Route No. A-314, specifically the "Gabtoli to Staff Quarter via Badda" route, as a case study to highlight and address these challenges. The study employs a combination of primary and secondary data to provide a thorough understanding of the current bus management system. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire surveys distributed to 385 passengers and 38 drivers, each containing 14 and 10 questions, respectively, aimed at assessing the daily experiences of passengers and drivers. The surveys gathered information on various aspects of bus operations, including frequency, punctuality, and the behavior of drivers and conductors (driver’s assistant-cum-fare collector), as well as passenger safety and satisfaction. Secondary data, such as accident reports and ridership statistics, were sourced from relevant transport authorities to further enrich the analysis. The study’s findings identified key patterns and challenges, including inefficiencies in route management, poor road infrastructure, and a lack of standardized services, all of which negatively affect both passenger comfort and operational safety. Passenger feedback highlighted the inadequacies in the current system, including the need for more frequent and reliable services, better driver training, and improved vehicle maintenance. The study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive reforms to enhance the overall efficiency, comfort, and safety of Dhaka’s bus transport system. These insights provide valuable guidance not only for Bangladesh’s road transport authorities but also for other regions facing similar urban public transport challenges.

Keywords: Bus management system; Questionnaire survey; Public transport challenges.